Security Deposit Deductions: Tenant Rights in Denmark
As a tenant in Denmark it is common to pay a security deposit, but many wonder which costs a landlord may deduct. This guide explains clearly and practically what is typically deducted from a deposit — for example unpaid rent, documented damage beyond normal wear and necessary cleaning costs. We cover how you as a tenant can document the condition of the property, the relevant deadlines, and when you should contact the Tenancy Board or the court. The language is simple and aimed at tenants without legal background so you can act confidently and know when you are entitled to repayment or should dispute a deduction. You will also get concrete steps for documentation, complaints and tips for negotiating with the landlord.
What can a landlord deduct?
A landlord may only claim documented expenses resulting from the tenant's actions or unpaid charges. Typical items that can be deducted are listed below.
- Unpaid rent (rent) — usually prioritized before other claims.
- Damage beyond normal wear (repair) — for example holes in walls or broken fixtures.
- Cleaning on move-out (deduct) if required by the lease and the amount is documented.
- Issues caused by lost keys or unauthorized changes to locks (keys).
- Unpaid utility bills or other agreed payments (payment) if allowed by the contract.
How to document a claim
Good documentation increases your chances of getting the deposit back. Follow these main steps to secure evidence before, during and after the tenancy.
- Take photos and video at move-in and move-out (photo) showing dates and details.
- Keep all receipts for repairs and cleaning (document).
- Send written notice to the landlord about defects and keep a copy (file).
- Note conversations with the landlord with date, name and subject (contact).
When to complain
If you cannot agree with the landlord, you can complain to the Tenancy Board or bring the case to court. The board handles many deposit disputes and there may be formal time limits to observe.
- File objections promptly — do not delay collecting evidence (deadline).
- Contact the Tenancy Board for guidance before escalating the case (contact).[2]
- You can appeal a board decision to the courts if the case is substantial or principle-based (court).
FAQ
- Can a landlord take the entire deposit for normal wear and tear?
- No. Normal wear and tear is generally not compensable; only documented damage beyond ordinary use can be charged.
- When can a landlord withhold a deposit?
- A landlord may withhold amounts corresponding to documented claims such as unpaid rent or repairs, but the amounts must be supported by evidence.
- What if I disagree with the deduction?
- First ask for a written breakdown from the landlord, and if you cannot agree, contact the Tenancy Board or seek legal advice.
How-To
- Document the property at move-in with photos and a written condition report (photo).
- Contact the landlord in writing about issues and request an itemized claim if needed (contact).
- Submit a complaint to the Tenancy Board if you cannot reach agreement (file).
- Follow the board's decision or consider court action for large amounts (court).
Help and Support / Resources
- [1] Tenancy Board (Huslejenævnet)
- [2] Retsinformation - The Rent Act
- [3] Borger.dk - Renting guidance
