Electricity, Water, Heating: Who Pays for Tenants in Denmark
As a tenant in Denmark, it can be unclear who should pay for electricity, water and heating. Many tenants receive bills, a conto settlements or requests for payment for repairs without knowing which expenses normally fall on the landlord or the tenant. This guide explains the difference between a conto payments and fixed charges, shows common mistakes such as incorrect invoicing or missing documentation, and describes how you can complain to the Rent Tribunal or find information on official websites. The aim is to give clear steps, practical advice and links to relevant authorities so you as a tenant in Denmark can act quickly and safely, protect your rights and avoid unnecessary costs.
What do the rules cover?
Rules on allocation of costs for electricity, water and heating are primarily found in the Tenancy Act and related provisions.[1] As a general rule, the tenant normally pays their own consumption (metered electricity and water), while the landlord is often responsible for fixed installations, major repairs and central heating depending on the contract.
Common mistakes by tenants and landlords
- Incorrect split of a conto and settlement: tenants pay a conto without receiving a correct reconciliation or documentation.
- Missing meter readings: consumption is billed by estimate instead of by meters.
- Landlords demand payment for maintenance that is their responsibility under the contract.
- Tenants pay the entire heating cost even though distribution or common charges should be shared.
A conto vs fixed charges
A conto payments are prepayments for expected consumption and must be reconciled when actual consumption is determined. Missing or unclear a conto statements are one of the most frequent sources of disputes.[2]
How to document consumption and defects
Documentation improves your chances in a dispute. Photograph meters at move-in and move-out, keep all electricity and heating statements, and note dates of readings. Send written communication to the landlord and keep copies.
If you want to complain or get help
If you cannot resolve a disagreement directly with the landlord, you can complain to the Rent Tribunal or find information and standard forms on citizen portals.[3] In more complex cases, the matter may end up in district court.
FAQ
- Who pays for electricity in a tenancy?
- The tenant normally pays their own metered electricity. If electricity is included in the rent, it must be stated in the lease agreement.
- What is an a conto charge?
- An a conto charge is a prepayment for expected consumption, which later must be reconciled against actual consumption.
- Where do I complain about incorrect billing?
- Start with a written request to the landlord; if that does not resolve the issue, you can complain to the Rent Tribunal.
How-To
- Gather documentation: meter readings, bills, photos and communication.
- Write a clear, written request to the landlord demanding correction or explanation.
- If the landlord does not respond satisfactorily, submit a complaint to the Rent Tribunal.
- Follow the Rent Tribunal's guidance and bring documentation when the case is handled.
