Tenant Rights: Who Pays Fair Rent in Denmark
As a tenant in Denmark, you may face situations where the question of who should pay for changes to the rent or expenses when setting a fair rent arises. This article clearly explains the typical obligations of landlords and tenants, how the Rent Act and the Rent Tribunal's practices influence the decision, and what steps you can take if you want to complain or document a claim. We guide you through documentation, deadlines and options to have the case assessed by the Rent Tribunal or the courts in Denmark, so you can better protect your rights as a tenant without legal background. The text contains practical advice and links to official sources so you can act confidently.
What does "fair rent" mean?
A fair rent is the rent considered consistent with the market and the condition and size of the dwelling. In assessments, the Rent Act and previous decisions from the Rent Tribunal and the courts are taken into account when rent must be set or reassessed.[1]
Who pays what?
- The landlord normally pays for major maintenance and repairs that ensure the dwelling's habitability.
- The tenant pays rent, utility charges and minor ongoing maintenance if this is agreed in the lease contract.
- If a new fair rent must be set, costs for assessment or a case about the rent may in some cases be handled through the administrative complaints system.
How is rent calculated and set?
Rent can be set by mutual agreement between the parties, by comparison with similar rentals, or through the Rent Tribunal/courts. Courts and the Rent Tribunal assess factors such as the dwelling's size, condition, location and comparable rents in the area. If the landlord wants to increase the rent, there must be objective grounds and procedures in the Rent Act must be followed.
How to complain?
- First contact the landlord in writing and ask for an explanation of the change.
- Gather documentation: lease contract, receipts, photos and comparable listings.
- File a written complaint with the Rent Tribunal if you cannot reach agreement; the tribunal can assess whether the rent is fair.[2]
- Attend the tribunal hearing and present your material; follow the stated deadlines.
- If you are dissatisfied with the tribunal's decision, the case can in some instances be brought before the courts.
Frequently Asked Questions
- Can the landlord demand higher rent without notice?
- No, the landlord must normally follow the terms of the lease and the Rent Act; notice and objective grounds are required.
- Who covers necessary repairs for heating and water?
- Fundamentally it is the landlord's responsibility to ensure heating and water, but minor ongoing maintenance can be the tenant's responsibility if stated in the contract.
- When can I complain to the Rent Tribunal?
- You can complain if you believe the rent is unreasonable or if the landlord fails to meet maintenance obligations.
How-To
- Write clearly what you complain about and attach documentation.
- Send the complaint to the Rent Tribunal or use digital complaint options available from your municipality or the tribunal.
- Prepare for the hearing and submit any additional evidence if requested.
Help and Support / Resources
- Borger.dk: Information on renting and tenant rights
- Rent Tribunal: Complaint guidance and contact
- Retsinformation: The Rent Act and relevant legislation
